Answer:
The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal dynasties established control over Turkey, Iran, and India respectively, in large part due to a Chinese invention: gunpowder.
The gunpowder empires monopolized the manufacture of guns and artillery in their areas. Their own military might as well as the weakness and corruption of the regimes they replaced. According to some historians, also served as a model for warriors who participated in the rise of the Gunpowder Empires and it was a model that fit Tamerlane well.
Explanation:
