Answer:
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth moves between the Sun and the Moon, blocking the Sun's rays and casting a shadow on the Moon. This can only happen during a full moon when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned closely enough, with Earth in the middle.
The image you've shared is a model representing the phases of the moon, not a lunar eclipse. The large image of the moon is labeled "First Quarter Moon," indicating the phase of the Moon when we can see exactly half of the Moon's surface illuminated by the Sun. The diagram within the image is demonstrating how sunlight (represented by the image of the Sun) illuminates the Moon and how the Earth (represented by a small image of Earth) relates to these positions. The shadowed portion of the Moon is not due to the Earth's shadow but rather the angle at which we view the moon from Earth during its phases. In the first quarter phase, the right half (in the Northern Hemisphere) of the Moon appears illuminated, and the left half is in darkness.
During a lunar eclipse, the diagram would be different. The Earth would be directly in line with the Sun and Moon, and the diagram would show the Earth casting a shadow over the Moon. There are two types of shadows that Earth casts: the penumbra, which is a partial outer shadow, and the umbra, which is a full, dark shadow. If the Moon passes through the umbra, we observe a total lunar eclipse; if it only passes through the penumbra, a penumbral lunar eclipse occurs. Sometimes, if the Moon only partly enters the umbra, it results in a partial lunar eclipse.
Explanation:
