Respuesta :
The amine will remain in the upper organic (ethyl acetate) layer, while the phenol and the carboxylic acid will be in the lower aqueous layer. Effectively, a separation of amine will be achieved using basic extraction technique.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) makes a basic solution when dissolved in water. It will react with the acidic components of the analyzed mixture during extraction. Amine is also basic, so it will not interact with sodium hydroxide and will remain in the organic layer. Carboxylic acid is, as the name implies, acidic, and thus will be neutralized by sodium hydroxide, forming a water-soluble sodium carboxylate salt, which means that it will be removed from the organic layer. Phenol is also acidic enough to be neutralized by sodium hydroxide, so it will also form a water-soluble salt (sodium phenoxide) and be removed from the organic layer.
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