If mutations, nonrandom mating, natural selection, gene flow, or genetic drift occur in a population, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will not remain in effect, and evolutionary change will occur.
The number of times a repeated event occurs in a given amount of time is known as its frequency. It is also sometimes called "temporal frequency" to stress the contrast to "spatial frequency" and "ordinary frequency" to underline the contrast to "angular frequency." Hertz (Hz), which is equal to one (event) per second, are the units used to express frequency. The reciprocal of frequency, the period is the length of time occupied by one cycle in a repeating event.
The period, T—the space between beats—of a heart beating at a frequency of 120 beats per minute (2 hertz), for instance, is half a second (60 seconds divided by 120 beats). Science and engineering employ frequency as a key characteristic to define the temporal scale.
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