Given what we know about the translation process, we can confirm that the RNA in question that aids in the process of translating a short sequence of RNA into an amino acid is mRNA.
mRNA is referred to as messenger RNA. This RNA molecule acts as just that, a messenger carrying the necessary code to create amino acids and therefore, proteins. This messenger binds itself to the ribosomes of a cell, which are in charge of reading the code, one codon at a time, and chaining together the corresponding amino acids.
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