An astrophysicist is investigating the impact of solar flares on Earth's atmosphere. Which of the following is the best method to collect data on this phenomenon?

A. Use a telescope to observe the surface of the Sun during a solar flare.
B. Measure the levels of toxic gases in Earth's atmosphere during a solar eclipse.
C. Develop a computer model which simulates how the Sun uses hydrogen during a solar flare.
D. Launch a satellite to measure the radiation that reaches Earth's atmosphere during a solar flare.