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The Prince (1519) Machiavelli

So the conclusion is: If you take control of a state, you should make a list of all the crimes you have to commit and do them all at once. That way you will not have to commit new atrocities every day, and you will be able, by not repeating your evil deeds, to reassure your subjects and to win their support by treating them well. He who acts otherwise, either out of squeamishness or out of bad judgment, has to hold a bloody knife in his hand all the time. He can never rely on his subjects, for they can never trust him, for he is always making new attacks upon them. Do all the harm you must at one and the same time, that way the full extent of it will not be noticed, and it will give least offense. One should do good, on the other hand, little by little, so people can fully appreciate it.

A ruler should, above all, behave towards his subjects in such a way that, whatever happens, whether for good or ill, he has no need to change his policies. For if you fall on evil times and are obliged to change course, you will not have time to benefit from the harm you do, and the good you do will do you no good, because people will think you have been forced to do it, and they will not be in the slightest bit grateful to you.

The document above is an excerpt from Machiavelli’s famous work, The Prince. Using the document and your knowledge of European history, answer all parts (A), B), and C)) of the question below.

A) Briefly explain what was taking place politically in Italy during the Renaissance.

B) Briefly explain what actions Machiavelli is saying a ruler should take in order to be a successful ruler.

C) Analyze why Machiavelli might have taken the stance he did in The Prince.