Answer:
1. It changed a lot! Many countries were able to gain independence, Yugoslavia was formed, Poland was moved a tad to the west, Bulgaria lost the territory that it had occupied, Albania was formed, Germany lost some of its territory, Italy gained part of Slovenia, and a bit more but you get the gist.
2. The major Allied powers were: The United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. Canada and France also helped, and there's a lot more minor nations.
3. Germany was divided between the Allied powers. There were British, French, Soviet, and American occupation zones. Berlin, the capital was also divided between these powers.
4. After the war, Japan came under American occupation. It was in ruins, so the U.S. came up with the Marshall plan to help feed and rebuild Japan. They also went from a militaristic society to a democratic one.
5. The USA became a super power. There was an economic boom and our military was very strong, life was great. We ended up making an ally out of Japan, but we also made enemies with nations like the Soviet Union.
6. The USSR also became a major power after the war. It extended its control into Eastern Europe, and it also had won a few lands from Japan. However, while it had a major sphere of influence and had a powerful military, the economy wasn't the best, so they tried to expand it. They did a lot of modernization as well.
7. A lot of things happened. The United Nations was formed, there were economic booms in countries like the United States, Europe was rebuilding, in 1949 NATO was born. For the USSR/Soviet Union, they formed the Warsaw pact.
8. You could argue the Cold War started right after world war 2, the West and East were complete opposite in terms of ideologies, and since the U.S. and the USSR were superpowers, a rivalry was bound to happen. The Soviets were trying to spread Communism everywhere, while the U.S. and the allies were scared that it would spread too far and have a permanent hold on Europe.
