A ""doomsday"" asteroid with a mass of 1.0 * 1010 kg is hurtling through space. Unless the asteroid’s speed is changed by about 0.20 cm????s, it will collide with Earth and cause tremendous damage. Researchers suggest that a small ""space tug"" sent to the asteroid’s surface could exert a gentle constant force of 2.5 N. For how long must this force act?

Respuesta :

Answer:

Δt = 8 x 10^6secs , Δt in days = 92.6days

1 day = 86400secs

Explanation:

  • The concept of momentum is applied here.
  • momentum is the product of mass and change in velocity
  • mathematically p = mΔv
  • p = momentum, m = mass of the body, Δv = change in velocity
  • acceleration a = Δv/Δt
  • Δv = aΔt

the impulse is the product of the force and the change in time;

mathematically I = FΔt

  • as such Impulse = change in momentum
  • I = Δp
  • mΔv = I = FΔt
  • Δt = mΔv/F
  • but m = 1.0 x 10^10 kg, Δv = 0.20cm/s or 0.002m/s, F = 2.5N

  • Plugging the values into ; Δt = mΔv/F = 1.0 x 10^10 kg x 0.002m/s x 2.5N
  • Δt = 8 x 10^6secs , Δt in days = 92.6days
  • N/B ; 1 day = 86400secs

The force will act at Δt = [tex]8 * 10^6secs[/tex] , Δt in days = 92.6 days

Impulse:

It is the product of the resultant force F and the duration of this force Δt, if the force is constant. Impulse of force is the cause of changes to motion and therefore changes to momentum.

Momentum is given as:

p = mΔv

p = momentum, m = mass of the body, Δv = change in velocity

acceleration a = Δv/Δt

Δv = aΔt

Given:

  • m = [tex]1.0 * 10^{10} kg[/tex],
  • Δv = 0.20cm/s or 0.002m/s,
  • F = 2.5N

Substituting the values in the equation given below.

[tex]I = \triangle p\\\\m \triangle v = I = F \triangle t\\\\ \triangle t =\frac{m \triangle v}{F}\\\\\\ \triangle t = 1.0 *10^{10} kg * 0.002m/s * 2.5N\\\\ \triangle t = 8 * 10^6secs , \triangle t \text{ in days} = 92.6days[/tex]

Find more information about Impulse here:

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