Respuesta :
Passage
The question of human overpopulation and its relationship
to human carrying capacity has been controversial for over
two centuries. In 1798 the Reverend Thomas Malthus put
forward the hypothesis that population growth would exceed
5 the growth of resources, leading to the periodic reduction of
human numbers by either “positive checks”, such as disease,
famine, and war, or “preventive checks”, by which (in the
absence of contraception) Malthus meant restrictions on
marriage. This “Malthusian view” was rapidly accepted by
10 most politicians, demographers, and the general public, and
remained popular until fairly recently.
Malthus's worst fears were not borne out through the
century following his death in 1834—food production largely
kept pace with the slowly growing global population.
15 However, soon after 1934, the global population began to rise
steeply as antibiotics, vaccines, and technology increased life
expectancy. By the 1960s, concerns of a mismatch between
global population and global food supply peaked—expressed
in books such as Paul Ehrlich's 1968 The Population Bomb.
20 This book predicted a future scarred by increasing famine,
epidemic, and war—the three main Malthusian positive
checks.
In 1966, United States President Lyndon Johnson shipped
wheat to India to avert a famine on the condition that the
25 country accelerate its already vigorous family planning
campaign. Johnson was part of an unbroken series of US
presidents concerned with the harmful effects of rapid
population growth in developing countries. This line
extended (at least) from John F. Kennedy to Jimmy Carter.
30 George H. W. Bush was also sympathetic to this view, prior
to becoming vice president in 1981.
But the 1970s surprised population watchers. Instead of
being a period shadowed by calamitous famine, the new crop
strains introduced by the “Green Revolution” (especially
35 grains such as rice, wheat, and maize) caused a dramatic
increase in the global production of cereals, the main source
of energy in the global diet. Among the development
community, despair turned into cautious optimism. By the
end of the decade, the public health community felt
40 sufficiently empowered to proclaim “Health for All by the
Year 2000”. Average life expectancy continued to zoom
upwards almost everywhere.
tab]The introduction of safe contraception contributed to a
apid fertility decline in many countries. But while the rate of
45 global population growth declined from its peak in the late
960s, the absolute increment of increase in annual global
opulation continued to grow. Most population-related
cientists, including food scientists and demographers, as
well as US President Jimmy Carter, continued to be very
50 concerned about global overpopulation. In 1970, the father of
the Green Revolution, the agricultural scientist Norman
Borlaug, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In his Nobel
lecture, Borlaug warned that the success of the Green
Revolution would buy a breathing space for humankind
Answer:
Option C is correct
Step-by-step explanation:
The argument is based on the need for drastic and concise action against global overpopulation rather than using contraceptive.
