Respuesta :
Answer: The mass of calcium chloride formed is 15.21 grams.
Explanation:
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex] .....(1)
- For calcium carbonate:
Given mass of calcium carbonate = 32.0 g
Molar mass of calcium carbonate = 100 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of calcium carbonate}=\frac{32.0g}{100g/mol}=0.32mol[/tex]
- For hydrochloric acid:
Given mass of hydrochloric acid = 10.0 g
Molar mass of hydrochloric acid = 36.5 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of hydrochloric acid}=\frac{10.0g}{36.5g/mol}=0.274mol[/tex]
The given chemical equation follows:
[tex]CaCO_3(s)+2HCl(aq.)\rightarrow CaCl_2(aq.)+H_2O(l)+CO_2(g)[/tex]
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
2 moles of hydrochloric acid reacts with 1 mole of calcium carbonate
So, 0.274 moles of hydrochloric acid will react with = [tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 0.274=0.137mol[/tex] of calcium carbonate
As, given amount of calcium carbonate is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, hydrochloric acid is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
2 moles of hydrochloric acid produces 1 mole of calcium chloride.
So, 0.274 moles of hydrochloric acid will produce = [tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 0.274=0.137moles[/tex] of calcium chloride.
Now, calculating the mass of calcium chloride from equation 1, we get:
Molar mass of calcium chloride = 111 g/mol
Moles of calcium chloride = 0.137 moles
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]0.137mol=\frac{\text{Mass of calcium chloride}}{111g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of calcium chloride}=(0.137mol\times 111g/mol)=15.21g[/tex]
Hence, the mass of calcium chloride formed is 15.21 grams.
