Light can be seen as an electromagnetic wave.
What happens when two waves, with the same frequency, superpose is called interference.
If at a certain point two waves arrive both with a crest, we have constructive interference and the amplitudes sum up, reaching the maximum value, resulting in bright spots.
If at a certain point one of the waves arrives with a crest and the other wave arrives with a trough, we have destructive interference, and the two amplitudes cancel out, resulting in dark spots.
Therefore, the dark bands on the wall are from destructive interference.
