John jacob astor, who seemed to exemplify the "self-made man":
a. became wealthy by trading goods between the united states and china.
b. began his economic ascent through the purchase of philadelphia real estate.
c. used his great wealth to finance the north during the civil war.
d. made huge profits from distributing the machines built by thomas rodgers.
e. turned out to be a fraud, for it was discovered he counterfeit much of his fortune