The precipitate that is most likely formed from a solution containing Ba+2, Li+, OH-1, and CO3^-2 is BaCO3.
This is because carbonates of all metals except sodium, Lithium potassium (group 1) and ammonium are insoluble in water. Hydroxides of sodium, Lithium, potassium and ammonium are very soluble in water, calcium and barium are moderately soluble. Ba(CO3) is insoluble in water and therefore forms a precipitate.