1. This item is referring to the Embargo Act of 1807. Without knowledge on this, the answer for #1 could be easily deduced since that is the only act among the options. Anyway, the Embargo Act of 1807 was passed and signed by then President Thomas Jefferson to prevent the trade of American ships with foreign ports.
2. The description for this item is referring to war. In a war, there will be literally a demand for all kinds of supplies, as soldiers will need all the ammunition and everyone will need food, water, and other necessary materials for survival. Paid, regular work will also cease to continue thus lowering the employment.
3. For this item, standardized parts are what is being described. Standardized parts, or quite literally interchangeable parts, are parts which are made to be nearly identical to each other, thus allowing whichever part to be a substitute of the other.
4. The description in this item is referring to the assembly line. Assembly line is exactly what is stated: parts are moved and assembled from stations to stations in order to facilitate a smooth workflow and an efficient production.
5. The only option left for this item is steel. Steel also matches the description in the item: it is tough and versatile and is very efficient to be used for industry war. This is the main reason why steel is still popularly used today.
