Explanation:
Industrialization, therefore, generated strong competition among nations, which began to dispute territories and establish their borders with modernized armies and sophisticated diplomacy. This process has gradually accentuated the nationalist character of European countries.
At the same time, industrialization also required economic integration never seen before. The capital generated by industry, that is, all the wealth of the production process - from machinery to consumer products - needed credit and financial support. The sectors of financial capital (banks and stock exchanges) began to integrate with the industry sector, thus creating ways to structure the complexity of the integrated world economy.
And as in the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, in which European nations such as Portugal and Spain promoted the colonization of the American continent (and from these colonies extracted raw materials and developed systems of political and administrative organization there), the industrialized In the 19th century they promoted the colonization of regions of Africa, Asia, and Oceania.
