The answer to the first question is A. sturdy. An adjective modifies a noun, so to find the adjective, we must first find the noun. In this sentence, the noun is "ship." Then, you can ask yourself, "What is the ship like?" The answer is "sturdy," so you know that's the adjective. The answer to the second question is A. agencys. When a noun ends in -y, you will usually have to delete that -y and add -ies to make it plural (like with factories).
