2y+12 < 42
subtract 12 from both sides to isolate the 'y'
2y<30
since '2y' is multiplication, the opposite is division. divide by 2 to isolate the 'y'. doing so will flip the < sign to make it >.
y > 15
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She makes $15 an hour. Her employers take out $125 weekly. She gets a paycheck for $205 that week.
Add the $125 back in that her employer took out and you can find how much she earned that week, it's $330. Divide $330 by $15 to find that she worked a minimum of 22 hours that week.
15h-125=205
15h=330
h=22
plug 22 in to the equation 15h-125=205 to check your answer
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I can't help you with the last one. Best of luck though man and god bless.