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The effect of the mutation that occurs among northern European people on Lct gene expression is the development of lactose intolerance.
In humans, the gene LCT expresses the enzyme lactase or lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), which converts lactose(a milk sugar), into galactose and glucose.
This gene is found on the compound's second chromosome. This enzyme is found in the small intestine of primates and humans. The optimal temperature, as well as the pH for human LPH, are around 37 °C and 6 respectively.
If an individual expression of this enzyme is ceased, owing to a mutation or for any other cause, that individual is liable to develop lactose intolerance. If the expression levels of LPH remain comparable even after humans reach maturity, this is referred to as Lactase persistence.
Even though the majority of the world's inhabitants are lactose intolerant, certain populations that take dairy milk or other kinds of milk are lactase persistent. Lactase persistence is thus a form of novel adaptation that has just developed, and it is not homogenous in the world, with large variability in frequency.
As a result, many people outside of Northern Europe are lactose intolerant during weaning or the early years of life because they are unable to express the LPH.
Suppose a lactose-intolerant persons swallow a substantial amount of lactose, it will get to the large intestine without being digested. Now, the common gut flora digests lactose, resulting in gas production, discomfort, and diarrhea, among other symptoms. An example can be seen in Primary lactose intolerance, which develops in adults due to small intestine injury or a mutation that prevents the LPH from being expressed,
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Lack of lactase enzyme is the main effect of mutation in LCT gene expression which leads to no digestion of dairy products.
The effect of the mutation that occurs among northern European people on LCT gene expression leads to absence of lactase enzyme necessary for the digestion of dairy products. The LCT gene provides instructions for making lactase enzyme that helps to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and other dairy products.
If mutation occur in the LCT gene expression, the people of northern Europe can use dairy products due to inability to digest it so we can conclude that lack of lactase enzyme is the main effect of mutation in LCT gene expression which leads to no digestion of dairy products.
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