I answered # 5,6,7, and 10 for you. These types of problems are known as system of equations.
5. x-y=3
x+y=13
The answer is ( 8,5)
6 ham+hot=78
ham+hot=105.50
The answer is ( 32,46)
7. f+p=131
f+p=7
The answer is (2,5)
10. A chicken has 2 legs and a pig has 4.
C+p=13
C+p=40, regarding legs
The answer is (6,7)
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