One could speak of British foreign policy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as manipulative because...
A. They fooled the last ottoman sultan into believing that if they sided with the British against the Russians, the British will assist them with massive modernization of the empire's economy.
B. The promised the same territory to the Hashimites, the Saudis, and the Zionists.
C. The encouraged the Egyptian khedive to invest in the cotton industry, only to watch the economy collapse after the end of the American civil war.
D. All of the answers are applicable.

The correct option is B. British foreign policy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was manipulative because they promised the same territory to the Hashimites, the Saudis, and the Zionists.

What was the British foreign policy?

By cooperating with other nations and advancing the rule-based international system in support of our principles, Britain aims to pursue an active and activist foreign policy. To defend and advance UK interests around the world, we will deploy our extensive diplomatic network.

The basic goal of British foreign policy was to maintain a balance of power in Europe, preventing any one nation from becoming the dominant force in the continent's affairs. Britain's wars against Napoleon and its participation in the First and Second World Wars were all largely justified by this ideology.

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