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STRs is an abbreviation for "Short Tandem Repeats," which are repeated DNA segments, around 2-6 base pairs long.
It is also used in DNA typing/profiling to compare specific loci on DNA from two or more samples. It is commonly used in forensic analysis to distinguish one DNA profile to another because there is very little chance that the STR pattern at all the loci of the DNA of one person is identical to another (unrelated person). In addition, the high variability in the number of repeats of the STRs makes it extremely variable to discriminate DNAs of different individuals.
It is also used in DNA typing/profiling to compare specific loci on DNA from two or more samples. It is commonly used in forensic analysis to distinguish one DNA profile to another because there is very little chance that the STR pattern at all the loci of the DNA of one person is identical to another (unrelated person). In addition, the high variability in the number of repeats of the STRs makes it extremely variable to discriminate DNAs of different individuals.
Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis could be a common biological science method accustomed compare allele repeats at specific loci in DNA between two or more samples.
Further Explanation
A brief tandem repeat could be a microsatellite with repeat units that are 2 to 7 base pairs long, with the quantity of repeats varying among individuals, making STRs effective for human identification purposes. This method differs from fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) since STR analysis doesn't cut the DNA with restriction enzymes. Instead, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is utilized to get the lengths of the short tandem repeats supported the length of the PCR product.
STRs are short sequences of DNA, normally of length 2-5 base pairs, that are repeated numerous times during a head-tail manner, i.e. the 16 bp sequence of "gatagatagatagata" would represent 4 head-tail copies of the tetramer "gata". The polymorphisms in STRs are thanks to the various number of copies of the repeat element that may occur during a population of people.
STR analysis could be a tool in forensic analysis that evaluates specific STR regions found on nuclear DNA. The variable (polymorphic) nature of the STR regions that are analyzed for forensic testing intensifies the discrimination between one DNA profile and another. Scientific tools like FBI approved STRmix incorporate this research technique. Forensic science takes advantage of the population's variability in STR lengths, enabling scientists to tell apart one DNA sample from another. The system of DNA profiling used today relies on PCR and uses simple sequences or short tandem repeats (STR). This method uses highly polymorphic regions that have short repeated sequences of DNA (the most typical is 4 bases repeated, but there are other lengths in use, including 3 and 5 bases).
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Grade: College
Subject: Biology
keywords: STR, analysis.
