To solve this problem, we need to consider the total number of ways we can arrange the 4 unique elements in the array.
When partitioning the array into 3 elements on one side and 1 element as the pivot, we are essentially choosing 3 elements out of 4 to be on one side of the partition.
The number of ways to choose 3 elements out of 4 is given by the combination formula:
nCr = n! / r!(n-r)!
Where n is the total number of elements (4 in this case) and r is the number of elements we want to choose (3 in this case).
Calculating the number of ways:
4C3 = 4! / 3!(4-3)!
4C3 = 4! / 3!1!
4C3 = (4 x 3 x 2 x 1) / (3 x 2 x 1)
4C3 = 4
Therefore, there are 4 possible arrangements of the array values where the partition will split the array into 3 elements on one side and 1 element as the pivot.
