Data Encoding: The message or data to be transmitted is converted into a digital format. This often involves encoding the message into binary code, which consists of ones and zeros.
Packetization: The digital message is broken down into smaller units called packets. Each packet contains a portion of the message, along with additional information such as the destination address and sequence number.
Routing: The packets are then routed through the internet using a series of interconnected network devices such as routers. Each packet is forwarded from one device to another based on the destination address contained within the packet header.
Transmission: The packets travel across various networks, including local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs), using different transmission mediums such as copper wires, fiber optics, or wireless connections.
Destination Reception: Once the packets reach their destination, they are reassembled into the original message based on the sequence numbers and other information contained in the packet headers.
Data Decoding: Finally, the digital message is decoded back into its original format, allowing the recipient to view or access the transmitted data.
