Respuesta :
Explanation:
1. Before surgery, a patient needs to have an endotracheal tube in place: General anesthetic drugs are typically used to induce loss of consciousness and ensure that the patient does not feel pain during the insertion of the endotracheal tube. Examples of general anesthetic drugs include propofol, etomidate, and ketamine.
2. A patient with a sore on the patient's lip uses a preoperative drugs are given to manage the pain: Local anesthetic drugs are best suited for managing pain in localized areas, such as the sore on the patient's lip. Examples of local anesthetic drugs include lidocaine, bupivacaine, and mepivacaine.
3. A patient is having major surgery on the spine, so a drug is used to sedate the patient: In this case, sedative drugs are typically used to relax the patient and reduce anxiety before surgery. Examples of sedative drugs include benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam) and barbiturates.
4. A woman will be undergoing a cesarean-section operation to deliver her baby; her anesthesiologist injects a directly into her spine: For a cesarean-section operation, regional anesthetic drugs such as epidural or spinal anesthesia are commonly used to numb the lower half of the body without affecting consciousness. Examples of regional anesthetic drugs include bupivacaine, ropivacaine, and lidocaine.