How can the rate of gene expression be modified by specific transcription factors (activators or repressors)?
a. Specific transcription factors can bind to the promoter region of a gene and enhance the recruitment of RNA polymerase, thereby increasing the rate of gene expression.
b. Repressor transcription factors can bind to the promoter region of a gene and inhibit the recruitment of RNA polymerase, thereby decreasing the rate of gene expression.
c. Activator transcription factors can interact with RNA polymerase and other transcriptional machinery to enhance the rate of gene expression.
d. Repressor transcription factors can recruit chromatin remodeling complexes to the promoter region of a gene, leading to the repression of gene expression.