Answer:
The treaty signed by Russian Lenin in March 1918, surrendering Ukraine, Finland, Poland, and other territories to Germany, had significant effects on World War I. These effects can be understood as follows:
1. Weakening of the Allied forces: Russia's exit from the war resulted in a significant reduction in the strength of the Allied forces. With Russia's withdrawal, Germany was able to redirect its troops from the Eastern Front to the Western Front, where they could now focus their efforts on the remaining Allied powers.
2. Shift in the balance of power: The surrender of territories to Germany shifted the balance of power in favor of the Central Powers. The additional resources and manpower gained from these territories strengthened Germany's position in the war, while the Allies faced a loss of territory and resources.
3. Stabilization of the Eastern Front: With Russia out of the war, the Eastern Front became more stable. This allowed Germany to consolidate its gains in the east and focus its attention on the Western Front, where the outcome of the war would ultimately be decided.
4. Impact on the Russian Revolution: Russia's withdrawal from the war and the signing of the treaty had significant repercussions domestically. The move further fueled political unrest and contributed to the disintegration of the Russian Provisional Government, paving the way for the Bolsheviks to seize power and establish a communist regime.
5. Influence on the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: The treaty signed between Russia and Germany, known as the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, formalized Russia's withdrawal from the war and outlined the terms of the surrender. This treaty had far-reaching consequences, as it allowed Germany to gain control over vast territories and resources in Eastern Europe.
In summary, Russia's surrender of territories to Germany had a profound impact on World War I. It weakened the Allied forces, shifted the balance of power, stabilized the Eastern Front, contributed to the Russian Revolution, and played a significant role in the subsequent Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
