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The Great Leap Forward was a campaign of economic, social and political measures implemented in the People's Republic of China between 1958 and 1961, during the presidency of Mao Zedong, with the aim of transforming the traditional Chinese agrarian economy through rapid industrialization and collectivization.
The main changes of the rural regime included the creation of the popular communes, the prohibition of private agriculture, the promotion of intensive-labor projects and the policy called "walking with two legs", which combined small and medium-sized industrial initiatives, with the great undertakings, thus moving away from the Soviet model.
The predominant point of view in the Chinese Communist Party after the seizure of power by Deng Xiaoping, argues that the Great Leap Forward was a failure, caused largely by political errors led by Mao Zedong, which caused the death by starvation of large numbers of peasants, estimated between 15 million and 25 million .
