BackRub, Sergey Brin and Larry Page called it this because the program analyzed the web’s “back links” to understand how important a website was, and what other sites it related to. BackRub operated on Stanford’s servers until it eventually took up too much bandwidth. The change to the name Google came from their original idea of naming it "googol.com" to evoke the amount of data they were indexing. (Googolplex is 1 followed by a googol zeros. A googol is a one followed by 100 zeroes)
While they were searching for the domain name "googol.com" Stanford graduate student named Sean Anderson accidentally searched for “google.com” instead of “googol.com.” and Larry Page said he liked "google" better