4. Obama is calling for a bill, the first step of a new law. In the checks and balances called for by the Constitution, the legislative branch makes the laws and the executive branch carries them out. I don't think he is overstepping his bounds though because all he says is that he is making a call for Congress, the correct body to do this action, to bring him a bill.
5. The legislative branch, specifically Congress, would write and pass a bill on this subject and then the President would sign it into law.
6. The most important power of the legislative branch is to make laws. In the checks and balances process, the legislative branch makes the laws, the executive branch carries them out, and the judicial branch interprets them to see if they are Constitutional. But, Congress is that first step of the process and that is their main and most serious responsibility.
Hope that helps. Feel free to ask any questions.
