0.3108 is the probability that a single tire randomly selected from the population will have a lifetime between 46,800 and 49,200 miles
Probability is a mathematical discipline that concerns with numerical figures of how probable an occurrence is to occur or how probably a statement is to be true. A number between 0 and 1 is the probability of an occurrence, where, broadly speaking, 0 denotes the event's impossibility and 1 denotes its certainty.
X ~ N ( µ = 48000 , σ = 3000 )
As we know, P ( 46800 < X < 49200 )
Standardizing the value, we get -
Z = ( X - µ ) / σ
Z = ( 46800 - 48000 ) / 3000
Z = -0.4
Z = ( 49200 - 48000 ) / 3000
Z = 0.4
Also,
P ( -0.4 < Z < 0.4 )
P ( 46800 < X < 49200 ) = P ( Z < 0.4 ) - P ( Z < -0.4 )
P ( 46800 < X < 49200 ) = 0.6554 - 0.3446 (Probability calculated from Z table)
P ( 46800 < X < 49200 ) = 0.3108
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