Facultative mutualists do not require another species to help them, but they engage in mutualism because facultative mutualists benefit greatly in fitness from the interactions with other species in mutualism.
Facultative mutualistic relationship is a type of mutualism in which interacting species derive benefits from each other but not being fully dependent.
Mutualism is highly complex but it can be broken down into two types of relationship. In some cases, species are entirely dependent on each other (obligate mutualism) and in other case, they derive benefits from their relationship but can survive without each other (facultative mutualism).
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