For water to change into the gas phase, energy is required to break hydrogen bonds between H₂O molecules. This energy is referred to as Latent heat. So, the right option is A.
Energy is needed for the conversion of a solid into a liquid, a liquid into a gas, or a solid into a gas. Energy will be released during fusion, condensation, or the transformation of gas into solid or liquid.
Latent heat of evaporation is the term used to describe the energy needed to change a liquid into a gas.
The molecules of water in a liquid are held together by hydrogen bonds. A single molecule must therefore have enough energy to break all of its hydrogen bonds with neighboring molecules before dissolving in order for it to evaporate. Since this molecule must have obtained its internal energy from the remaining liquid, every vaporizing molecule absorbs the same quantity from it. For this energy loss, the phrase "latent heat of vaporization" is used.
So, the correct option is C. Latent heat.
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