Sympathetic adrenal-medullary system
What circuit causes the release of adrenaline and norepinephrine into the bloodstream in response to sensed stressors?
- The sympathetic adrenal-medullary system (SAM) is a circuit that starts the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream in response to perceived stresses. The sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medulla are the two major parts of this system, which is a part of the autonomic nervous system.
- The adrenal medulla, a specialised endocrine gland situated on top of the kidneys, receives signals from sympathetic nervous system neurons in the central nervous system.
- The subsequent release of epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) and norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline) by the adrenal medulla causes a series of physiological reactions that are collectively referred to as the fight-or-flight response.
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