the primary health care provider writes a prescription for the nurse to obtain a consent for a colonoscopy. which are the nurse's responsibilities to obtain an informed consent? select all that apply.

This refers to the endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel using a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. It is also referred to as coloscopy.

Steps to carry out coloscopy

The patient is made to lay on his left side with his knees flexed and draped.
The patient's vital signs are obtained.
The patient is instructed to breathe deeply and slowly through his mouth as the practitioner palpates the mucosa of the anus and rectum and inserts the lubricated colonoscope through the patient’s anus into the sigmoid colon.
A littte amount of air is insufflated to locate the bowel lumen, and then the scope is advanced through the rectum.
When the instrument gets to the descending sigmoid junction, the patient is assisted to a supine position to aid the scope advance.
Abdominal palpation or fluoroscopy can be used to help assist the colonoscope through the large intestine.
Suction may be used to eliminate blood and secretions that impair the vision.
Biopsy forceps or a cytology brush can be inserted through the colonoscope to obtain specimens for histologic or cytologic examination; an electrocautery snare may be used to remove polyps.
The tissue specimen is placed immediately in a specimen bottle containing 10% formalin; cytology smears are immediately placed in a Coplin jar containing 95% ethyl alcohol. Specimens are taken to the laboratory immediately for analysis.

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