Max Weber believed that ethnic categories arose from subjective beliefs, yet he had an essentialist view of race. Thus, the correct answer is subjective belief; an essentialist view.
Maximilian Karl Emil Weber was a German sociologist, historian, lawyer, and political economist who developed one of the most prominent theories of the formation of modern Western civilization. According to Max Weber's Theory of Bureaucracy, all firm responsibilities must be dispersed among employees. Task division should be based on competencies and functional specializations. Workers will be fully aware of their role and importance in the organization, as well as what is expected of them if this is done.
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