The intersection of MPB and MPC gives the equilibrium value. The socially optimal quantity is found at the intersection of the marginal private benefit curve and the marginal social cost curve, which is where the market equilibrium quantity is Q* at the equilibrium point E.
The socially optimal quantity is depicted by the point Qs.
A product's marginal social benefit is equal to its private marginal benefit minus its external benefits. This indicates that the unit of production's total marginal utility to society is provided by the marginal social benefit.
A negative externality exists because individuals' actions do not take into account the impact on others. When there is a positive externality, the market produces less of the good or service than is socially optimal because the individual cannot capture the benefit to society.
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