Swift's main societal issue is poverty, and how the destitute are both an eyesore and a financial burden to the citizens of Ireland.
While Swift investigates the treatment of the Irish by affluent landowners and the awful state of their poverty, his own recommendations are harsh. Swift also addresses religious prejudice and recommends that the Irish should do more to assist themselves.
People are out of work in "A Modest Proposal," they are trying to feed their children, and the country is overpopulated. To address these issues, one modest solution is that parents sell one-year-old children as food for affluent landowners.
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