For each chromosomal region where such variation exists, an individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent.
If the two alleles are identical, the individual is homozygous for that allele. If the alleles differ, the individual is heterozygous.
Alleles are matching genes, one from our biological mother and one from our biological father.
We have two copies of every gene (strings of code that drive some biological function on our chromosomes). They might be identical, although they frequently have minor variances.
If the paired alleles are the same, the organism's genotype is said to be homozygous for that characteristic; if they are different, the organism's genotype is heterozygous.
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