We begin with centralized systems because they are the most intuitive, understandable, and easy to define.
Centralized systems are client/server architecture systems in which one or more client nodes are directly connected to a central server. In many firms, this is the most prevalent sort of system, in which a client submits a request to a company server and receives the response. Vertical scaling is only feasible on the central server. Horizontal scaling will contradict the system's single central unit feature of a single central entity.
main()
{
char x [10], *ptr = x;
scanf ("%s", x);
change(&x[4]);
}
change(char a[])
{
puts(a);
}
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