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However, because it constantly works in a direction that is perpendicular to the motion of the bob, the force of tension is ineffective.
The force of tension forms a 90° angle with the direction of motion at every point along the pendulum bob's path. As a result, the tension's force has no effect on the bob. Because the direction of the bob's motion is perpendicular to the tension in the string, the string supporting the bob does not exert any force on the bob as it swings to and from. Two force vectors—those produced by the string and gravity—combine to accelerate the undriven pendulum. The direction of the acceleration and the net force are same.
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Answer: The force of tension, however, is useless because it consistently moves in a direction that is oblique to the bob's motion.
Explanation: At every point along the path of the pendulum bob, the force of tension makes a 90° angle with the direction of motion. The force of the tension, therefore, has no impact on the bob. The string holding the bob in place does not pull on the bob as it swings to and from because the direction of the bob's motion is perpendicular to the tension in the string. The undriven pendulum is propelled forward by a combination of two force vectors—those generated by the string and gravity. Both the acceleration and the net force are in the same direction.
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