The Skinner box is a compartment with a strictly controlled environment that is used to examine the mechanisms of operant training in lab animals. In reaction to stimuli, animals press levers to obtain "rewards".
Skinner made the operant conditioning discovery. He designed the "Skinner's box," where a starving rat was kept. Naturally, the rat would exhibit a variety of behaviours at random, and when he got closer to a bar near the wall, Skinner would use a device to insert a drop of water into the box, and the rat would drink it.
The following drops were shown when the mouse crept closer to the bar. When the mouse put its nose close to the bar, the others did so. the paws follow. And so on, until the rat was repeatedly tapping the bar to totally slake its thirst.
It was found that some rat actions increased in frequency while others decreased when a rewarding stimulus (water) was present. Similar to the most adapted creatures thrive and the least adapted become scarce or eventually go extinct. Skinner started modelling various behavioral patterns in various species using this principle.
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