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A belief that characterizes people based merely on their group membership is Stereotype.

A stereotype in social psychology is an established, overly generalized opinion about a certain group or class of people. Stereotyping implies that a person possesses a wide range of traits and skills that we presume all members of that group possess. In psychology, a stereotype is a predetermined, simplistic, and frequently prejudiced opinion of a group of individuals. Stereotypes are usually irrational assumptions that lack evidence, and once someone adopts a stereotyped way of thinking, they may be unable to perceive others for who they truly are.

Stereotypes can be used to justify prejudice towards an entire social group. Additionally, stereotypes have a tendency to suggest which social groupings are probably acceptable targets for easing individual anger since they are deeply embedded in society and people absorb preconceptions as as childhood.

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