In a signal transduction pathway, the process of producing a cellular response begins when the ligand binds to the active site of receptor and induces a signal.
Signal transduction is the process of transmission of signals from the one part of the cell to another through a cascade of events where the activation of one molecules relays signals for the activation of other and thus the signals proceeds towards its target site.
Ligand is the signaling molecule that binds to its recipient called the receptor to initiate the process of transduction. The ligand molecule can be a protein, hormone, or some other compound.
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