The dilithium molecule is shown in the final diagram (Li2). The bonding orbital is filled by the 2s electrons rather than the 1s electrons, who are not involved in the bonding. Li2 has a bond order of 1 and is a molecule that is stable in the gas phase.
The number of chemical bonds that exist between two atoms is known as bond order.
Dilithium (Li2)
Bond Number = 2
Bonding electrons = 0 and anti-bonding electrons = 1
The p electrons entirely occupy the bonding orbital without the 1s electrons participating in bonding, leaving the antibonding orbital empty and resulting in a bond order of 1, suggesting a stable molecule (in this case, in the gas phase).
Lithium possesses 3 electrons in its neutral state because of its atomic number. Li2 will also have six electrons. However, the chemical formula we are given (Li2) has a negative charge, hence this compound also contains an additional electron (RED). Consequently, there are 7 electrons in all. The following diagram represents the MOT for this chemical. As seen in the diagram, we have four electrons in bonding molecular orbitals (BMO) and three in anti-bonding molecular orbitals (ABMO)
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