The single most important factor in pulling water towards the top of a tall tree is the evaporation of water through the stomata.
Xylem vessels are vessels that transport water from the roots of the plant to the leaves to be used for photosynthesis. The process is somewhat easier for short plants and shrubs as their leaves are close to the ground and the water doesn't need to travel very far to reach the leaves. For tall plants however, it's quite different.
The cohesive and adhesive properties of water enable tall plants to pull water from their roots. adhesion makes water molecules stick to the walls of the xylem vessel, and cohesion makes water molecules stick together. A combination of the two brings about capillary action, which accounts for the movement of water up xylem cells. However, this is not the most important factor.
Capillary action alone can only pull water about halfway through the xylem of tall trees before coming under the influence of gravity. When water evaporates from the stomata in the leaves, it creates a kind of vacuum in the xylem. This effect pulls water from the roots all the way to the leaves, hence, the important factor in pulling water towards the top of a tall tree is the evaporation of water through the stomata.
Learn more about xylem vessels here:
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