The lowest frequency of crossovers would occur between genes a and b (the genes closet to one another on a chromosome)
The exchange of genetic material between the non-sister chromatids of two homologous chromosomes during sexual reproduction, or chromosomal crossover, leads to recombinant chromosomes. It is one of the last stages of genetic recombination, which takes place during the synapsis process at the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis. Before the synaptonemal complex forms, synapsis starts, and it doesn't stop until close to prophase I's conclusion.
The distance between genes is directly inversely correlated with the probability of gene crossing over between two genes that are located on the same chromosome (linked gene). Unlinked genes are assorted independently during cell division when two genes are not found on the same chromosome. Therefore, crossing over occurs frequently.
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