The birds in the population that will have the highest fitness will be the ones having larger, thicker beaks.
The theory of natural selection states that organisms that have better adaptations to survive in an environment are able to survive and pass on their characteristics to their offspring.
In the case above, the larger, thicker-beaked birds have a higher level of fitness when the conditions in the place change and there are only large seeds remaining. As a result, the larger, thicker-beaked birds will be able to survive and pass on their characteristics to the offspring.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
A population of birds, with various size beaks, eats seeds. small seeds can be eaten by birds with small beaks. larger, thicker seeds can only be eaten by birds with larger, thicker beaks. suppose there is a shortage of small seeds but that there are still many large seeds. Which birds in this population have the highest fitness?
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