if expected frequencies are not all​ equal, then we can determine them by enp for each individual​ category, where n is the total number of observations and p is the probability for the category. b. if expected frequencies are​ equal, then we can determine them by ​, where n is the total number of observations and k is the number of categories. c. expected frequencies need not be whole numbers. d. ​goodness-of-fit hypothesis tests may be​ left-tailed, right-tailed, or​ two-tailed.