A) OPEC began an oil embargo of the United States.
The Yom Kippur War was fought between Israel and a coalition of Egypt and Syria and other Arab nations in an attempt to destroy Israel and declare it as an Arab state. War broke out from 6th to 25th of October 1973 and was the 4th Arab Israeli war. However, the Yom Kippur war could also be seen as an attempt by the Arabs to force the Americans and Russians to intervene. The conflict began with the Egyptian forces attacking Israeli troops after crossing the Suez. Syrian troops attacked Israeli forces overlooking the Golan heights. The Egyptians were feeling more confident as they were trained by Soviet war leaders and they also got arms and ammunition from them. The Arab Israeli war became one of the most engaging events during the cold war between the USA and the USSR.
Further Explanation-
Israel had captured Arabian territory during the six-day war, hoping to use it as a buffer zone between Egypt and Israel. The Egyptian and Syrian troops wanted to make surprise attacks on the Israeli army so that they would be defeated easily and would not have time to mobilize. The Egyptians tried to capture the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan heights, however, after some setbacks, the Israeli forces recaptured the Golan heights and defeated the Arab forces. Tired of the hostilities, Israeli and Egyptian leaders agreed to a peace agreement, which began with the Camp David agreements. The Israelis won the war, but their army suffered heavy losses and the costs of war were taking its toll on the fragile economy of the new state. Protests broke out, and the Jews showed an aversion to war, criticizing the government’s lack of preparation to meet the attacks. The Israeli prime minister Golda Meir resigned, and Menahem Begin took up the position. Tired of the USA’s interference in their political affairs, and their policy of helping out nations, the OPEC reacted by placing an embargo on oil supplies to Europe and the USA, which drastically increased oil prices, and petrol rationing was introduced after a long time.
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Answer Details-
Grade- High School
Chapter- The Middle East
Subject- History.
Keywords-
Yom Kippur, Cold war, arms, ammunition, fragile economy, resignation, peace, OPEC, oil embargo, peace treaties, ceasefire.
